Itegeko ryerekeye kurinda amakuru bwite n’imibereho bwite by’umuntu

Itunganywa ry’amakuru bwite rikorwa n’utunganya amakuru rigengwa n’amasezerano yanditse akorwa hagati y’utunganya amakuru n’umugenzuzi w’amakuru. 

Utunganya amakuru abikora mu izina ry’umugenzuzi w’amakuru hashingiwe ku masezerano yanditse avugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo. 

Umugenzuzi w’amakuru atanga uburenganzira bwo gutunganya amakuru bwite k’utunganya amakuru ufite ibyangombwa byo gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo mu rwego rwa tekiniki n’urw’imitunganyirize ku buryo iryo tunganywa ryubahiriza ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko.

Umugenzuzi w’amakuru, utunganya amakuru cyangwa undi muntu atunganya amakuru bwite mu buryo butabangamira imibereho bwite ya nyiri ubwite.

Igihe gutunganya amakuru bwite bishingiye k’ukwemera kwa nyiri ubwite, nyiri ubwite agaragaza ko yemera ko amakuru bwite amwerekeye atunganywa hagamijwe intego yihariye. 

Ukwemera kwa nyiri ubwite kugira agaciro gusa iyo gushingiye ku cyemezo nyiri ubwite yifatiye mu bwisanzure nyuma yo kumenyeshwa ingaruka z’ukwemera kwe. 

Ukwemera kwa nyiri ubwite gushobora gukorwa mu mvugo, mu buryo bw’inyandiko cyangwa bw’ikoranabuhanga.

Inyandiko y’ukwemera kwa nyiri ubwite ikubiyemo ibindi bintu, igomba kugaragaza mu buryo busobanutse ibyo bintu bindi yemeye muri rumwe mu ndimi zemewe mu butegetsi kandi yumva neza.

Igice cyose cy’inyandiko ivugwa mu gika cya mbere cy’iyi ngingo cyaba kinyuranyije n’ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko nta gaciro kigira.

Nyiri ubwite afite uburenganzira bwo kwisubiraho k’ukwemera kwe igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. 

Ukwisubiraho kwa nyiri ubwite ntibigira ingaruka ku gutunganya amakuru bwite byakozwe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, igihe bishingiye ku kwemera kwakozwe mbere yo kwisubiraho. 

Ukwisubiraho kwa nyiri ubwite gukorwa mu buryo bworoshye kimwe nk’ubwakoreshejwe yemera. 

Ukwisubiraho kwa nyiri ubwite kugira agaciro uhereye igihe byasabiwe na nyiri ubwite.

Iyo umugenzuzi w’amakuru, utunganya amakuru cyangwa undi muntu azi ko ari ay’umwana utarageza ku myaka cumi n’itandatu (16) y’amavuko, agomba kubyemererwa n’ufite ububasha bwa kibyeyi kuri uwo mwana hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga. 

Haseguriwe ibiteganywa n’andi mategeko, kwemera mu izina ry’umwana byemerwa gusa iyo biri mu nyungu ze. 

Icyakora, uku kwemera ntigusabwa mu gutunganya amakuru bwite y’umwana iyo ari ngombwa mu rwego rwo kurengera inyungu z’ingenzi z’umwana.

Umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru atunganya amakuru bwite y’ibanga gusa iyo: 

1. kuyatunganya bishingiye k’ukwemera kwa nyiri ubwite; 

2. kuyatunganya bikenewe hagamijwe gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano z’umugenzuzi w’amakuru, iz’utunganya amakuru cyangwa hubarizwa uburenganzira bwihariye bwa nyiri ubwite hakurikijwe amategeko abigenga;

3. kuyatunganya bikenewe mu rwego rwo kurengera inyungu z’ingenzi za nyiri ubwite cyangwa undi muntu; 

4. kuyatunganya bikenewe mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi bwo kwirinda indwara cyangwa ubuvuzi bw’indwara zikomoka ku murimo, ubuzima rusange nko kwirinda ingorane zikomeye zo mu rwego rw’ubuzima zambukiranya imipaka cyangwa kureba ko hari ibipimo ngenderwaho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru by’ubuziranenge n’umutekano wa serivisi zita ku buzima n’imiti ikoreshwa mu buvuzi cyangwa ibikoresho byo mu buvuzi; 

5. kuyatunganya bikenewe mu rwego rwo kunoza ishyinguramakuru mu nyungu rusange cyangwa ku mpamvu z’ubushakashatsi mu bumenyi no mu mateka cyangwa z’ibarurishamibare.

Mu gutunganya amakuru bwite y’ibanga, umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru agomba: 

1. kubahiriza ibisabwa mu kurinda amakuru bwite cyangwa kugenzura amakuru bwite nk’uko biteganywa n’iri tegeko;

2. kubahiriza ibihe byo kubika amakuru bwite y’ibanga biteganywa n’iri tegeko; 

3. gushyiraho ingamba zo kongerera ubumenyi n’ubushobozi abakozi bafite uruhare mu itunganywa ry’amakuru bwite y’ibanga; 

4. gushyiraho ingamba zo kubona amakuru bwite y’ibanga yatunganyijwe n’umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru; 

5. gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo mu rwego rwa tekiniki n’imitunganyirize zigamije gushyiraho umutekano ukwiye ku ngorane nyiri ubwite ashobora guhura na zo, harimo, aho bikwiye, kubika amakuru bwite y’ibanga mu buryo butandukanye n’ubundi bwoko bw’amakuru, gushyiraho insimburamakuru no kuyoberanya amakuru ya nyiri ubwite cyangwa guhisha imisomere y’amakuru.

Gutunganya amakuru bwite y’uwahamijwe icyaha bikorwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko, bigenzuwe n’urwego rugenzura. Umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru ashyiraho ingamba ziboneye zo kubahiriza uburenganzira n’ubwisanzure bya nyiri ubwite.

Iyo impamvu zituma umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru atunganya amakuru bwite zidasaba cyangwa zitagisaba umwirondoro wa nyiri ubwite, umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru ntategetswe kubika, kwakira cyangwa gucunga amakuru y’inyongera kugira ngo hamenyekane nyiri ubwite ku mpamvu yonyine yo kubahiriza iri tegeko. 

Iyo umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru adashoboye kumenya umwirondoro wa nyiri ubwite kubera ihindurwa ry’amakuru bwite ye, abimumenyesha mu buryo bw’inyandiko cyangwa bw’ikoranabuhanga, iyo bibaye ngombwa. 

Icyakora, nyiri ubwite, hubahirijwe uburenganzira bwe, atanga amakuru y’inyongera atuma umwirondoro we umenyekana.

Umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru asaba nyiri ubwite amakuru bwite ye mu buryo butaziguye. 

Icyakora, umuntu ashobora gukusanya amakuru bwite ayakuye ku wundi muntu, ahandi hantu cyangwa ku rwego rwa Leta iyo: 

1. amakuru bwite afunguriwe rubanda; 

2. nyiri ubwite yashyize ayo makuru bwite mu ruhame ku bushake; 

3. nyiri ubwite yemeye ko amakuru bwite akusanywa aturutse ahandi hantu; 

4. gukusanya amakuru bwite aturutse ahandi hantu byubahirije ibiteganywa n’iri tegeko.

Umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru agenzura ko amakuru bwite yuzuye, ari yo, ajyanye n’igihe kandi adatera urujijo hakurikijwe ikigamijwe mu kuyatunganya.

Umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru yandika icyakozwe cyose ku makuru bwite nibura mu bikorwa bikurikira: 

1. amakuru yakusanyijwe; 

2. amakuru yahinduwe; 

3. amakuru yagezweho; 

4. amakuru yatangajwe harimo n’ayasangijwe abandi n’ayahererekanyijwe; 

5. amakuru yakomatanyijwe; 

6. amakuru yasibwe. 

Icyakozwe ku makuru bwite kigomba kugaragaza impamvu yacyo, itariki n’igihe ibyo bikorwa byakorewe, bikagaragaza n’umwirondoro w’umuntu wasomye cyangwa watanze amakuru bwite ndetse n’umwirondoro w’abo ayo makuru yari agenewe. Urwego rugenzura rushobora gusaba umugenzuzi w’amakuru cyangwa utunganya amakuru gutanga uburenganzira bwo kugera ku cyakozwe ku makuru bwite hagamijwe kureba niba gutunganya amakuru bwite bikorwa mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko.